//
//  Copyright (C) 2004-2025 Greg Landrum and other RDKit contributors
//
//   @@ All Rights Reserved @@
//  This file is part of the RDKit.
//  The contents are covered by the terms of the BSD license
//  which is included in the file license.txt, found at the root
//  of the RDKit source tree.
//
#include "AlignPoints.h"
#include <RDGeneral/Invariant.h>
#include <Geometry/point.h>
#include <Geometry/Transform3D.h>
#include <Numerics/Vector.h>

constexpr double TOLERANCE = 1.e-6;

namespace RDNumeric {

namespace Alignments {

RDGeom::Point3D _weightedSumOfPoints(const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &points,
                                     const DoubleVector *weights) {
  PRECONDITION(!weights || points.size() == weights->size(), "");
  RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect_CI pti;
  RDGeom::Point3D tmpPt, res;
  const double *wData = weights ? weights->getData() : nullptr;
  unsigned int i = 0;
  for (pti = points.begin(); pti != points.end(); pti++) {
    tmpPt = (*(*pti));
    if (weights) {
      tmpPt *= wData[i];
    }
    res += tmpPt;
    i++;
  }
  return res;
}

double _weightedSumOfLenSq(const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &points,
                           const DoubleVector *weights) {
  PRECONDITION(!weights || (points.size() == weights->size()), "");
  double res = 0.0;
  const double *wData = weights ? weights->getData() : nullptr;
  unsigned int i = 0;
  for (const auto &pti : points) {
    auto l = pti->lengthSq();
    if (weights) {
      l *= wData[i];
    }
    res += l;
    i++;
  }
  return res;
}

double _sumOfWeights(const DoubleVector &weights) {
  const double *wData = weights.getData();
  double res = 0.0;
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < weights.size(); i++) {
    CHECK_INVARIANT(wData[i] > 0.0, "Negative weight specified for a point");
    res += wData[i];
  }
  return res;
}

void _computeCovarianceMat(const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &refPoints,
                           const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &probePoints,
                           const DoubleVector *weights, double covMat[3][3]) {
  memset(static_cast<void *>(covMat), 0, 9 * sizeof(double));
  unsigned int npt = refPoints.size();
  CHECK_INVARIANT(npt == probePoints.size(), "Number of points mismatch");
  CHECK_INVARIANT(!weights || (npt == weights->size()),
                  "Number of points and number of weights do not match");
  const double *wData = weights ? weights->getData() : nullptr;

  const RDGeom::Point3D *rpt, *ppt;
  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < npt; i++) {
    rpt = refPoints[i];
    ppt = probePoints[i];
    double w = weights ? wData[i] : 1.0;

    covMat[0][0] += w * (ppt->x) * (rpt->x);
    covMat[0][1] += w * (ppt->x) * (rpt->y);
    covMat[0][2] += w * (ppt->x) * (rpt->z);

    covMat[1][0] += w * (ppt->y) * (rpt->x);
    covMat[1][1] += w * (ppt->y) * (rpt->y);
    covMat[1][2] += w * (ppt->y) * (rpt->z);

    covMat[2][0] += w * (ppt->z) * (rpt->x);
    covMat[2][1] += w * (ppt->z) * (rpt->y);
    covMat[2][2] += w * (ppt->z) * (rpt->z);
  }
}

void _covertCovMatToQuad(const double covMat[3][3],
                         const RDGeom::Point3D &rptSum,
                         const RDGeom::Point3D &pptSum, double wtsSum,
                         double quad[4][4]) {
  double PxRx, PxRy, PxRz;
  double PyRx, PyRy, PyRz;
  double PzRx, PzRy, PzRz;
  double temp;

  temp = pptSum.x / wtsSum;
  PxRx = covMat[0][0] - temp * rptSum.x;
  PxRy = covMat[0][1] - temp * rptSum.y;
  PxRz = covMat[0][2] - temp * rptSum.z;

  temp = pptSum.y / wtsSum;
  PyRx = covMat[1][0] - temp * rptSum.x;
  PyRy = covMat[1][1] - temp * rptSum.y;
  PyRz = covMat[1][2] - temp * rptSum.z;

  temp = pptSum.z / wtsSum;
  PzRx = covMat[2][0] - temp * rptSum.x;
  PzRy = covMat[2][1] - temp * rptSum.y;
  PzRz = covMat[2][2] - temp * rptSum.z;

  quad[0][0] = -2.0 * (PxRx + PyRy + PzRz);
  quad[1][1] = -2.0 * (PxRx - PyRy - PzRz);
  quad[2][2] = -2.0 * (PyRy - PzRz - PxRx);
  quad[3][3] = -2.0 * (PzRz - PxRx - PyRy);

  quad[0][1] = quad[1][0] = 2.0 * (PyRz - PzRy);
  quad[0][2] = quad[2][0] = 2.0 * (PzRx - PxRz);
  quad[0][3] = quad[3][0] = 2.0 * (PxRy - PyRx);
  quad[1][2] = quad[2][1] = -2.0 * (PxRy + PyRx);
  quad[1][3] = quad[3][1] = -2.0 * (PzRx + PxRz);
  quad[2][3] = quad[3][2] = -2.0 * (PyRz + PzRy);
}

//! Obtain the eigen vectors and eigen values
/*!
  \param quad        4x4 matrix of interest
  \param eigenVals   storage for eigen values
  \param eigenVecs   storage for eigen vectors
  \param maxIter     max number of iterations

  <b>Reference:</b>
  This is essentailly a copy of the jacobi routine taken from the program
  quatfit.c available from the Computational Chemistry Archives.
  http://www.ccl.net/cca/software/SOURCES/C/quaternion-mol-fit/index.shtml
  E-mail jkl@osc.edu for details.
  It was written by:

  David J. Heisterberg
  The Ohio Supercomputer Center
  1224 Kinnear Rd.
  Columbus, OH  43212-1163
  (614)292-6036
  djh@osc.edu    djh@ohstpy.bitnet    ohstpy::djh
  Copyright: Ohio Supercomputer Center, David J. Heisterberg, 1990.
  The program can be copied and distributed freely, provided that
  this copyright in not removed. You may acknowledge the use of the
  program in published material as:
  David J. Heisterberg, 1990, unpublished results.

  Also see page 463 in Numerical Recipes in C (second edition)
*/

unsigned int jacobi(double quad[4][4], double eigenVals[4],
                    double eigenVecs[4][4], unsigned int maxIter) {
  double offDiagNorm, diagNorm;
  double b, dma, q, t, c, s;
  double atemp, vtemp, dtemp;
  int i, j, k;
  unsigned int l;

  // initialize the eigen vector to Identity
  for (j = 0; j <= 3; j++) {
    for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
      eigenVecs[i][j] = 0.0;
    }
    eigenVecs[j][j] = 1.0;
    eigenVals[j] = quad[j][j];
  }

  for (l = 0; l < maxIter; l++) {
    diagNorm = 0.0;
    offDiagNorm = 0.0;
    for (j = 0; j <= 3; j++) {
      diagNorm += fabs(eigenVals[j]);
      for (i = 0; i <= j - 1; i++) {
        offDiagNorm += fabs(quad[i][j]);
      }
    }
    if (fabs(diagNorm) > 1.e-16 && (offDiagNorm / diagNorm) <= TOLERANCE) {
      goto Exit_now;
    }
    for (j = 1; j <= 3; j++) {
      for (i = 0; i <= j - 1; i++) {
        b = quad[i][j];
        if (fabs(b) > 0.0) {
          dma = eigenVals[j] - eigenVals[i];
          if ((fabs(dma) + fabs(b)) <= fabs(dma)) {
            t = b / dma;
          } else {
            q = 0.5 * dma / b;
            t = 1.0 / (fabs(q) + sqrt(1.0 + q * q));
            if (q < 0.0) {
              t = -t;
            }
          }
          c = 1.0 / sqrt(t * t + 1.0);
          s = t * c;
          quad[i][j] = 0.0;
          for (k = 0; k <= i - 1; k++) {
            atemp = c * quad[k][i] - s * quad[k][j];
            quad[k][j] = s * quad[k][i] + c * quad[k][j];
            quad[k][i] = atemp;
          }
          for (k = i + 1; k <= j - 1; k++) {
            atemp = c * quad[i][k] - s * quad[k][j];
            quad[k][j] = s * quad[i][k] + c * quad[k][j];
            quad[i][k] = atemp;
          }
          for (k = j + 1; k <= 3; k++) {
            atemp = c * quad[i][k] - s * quad[j][k];
            quad[j][k] = s * quad[i][k] + c * quad[j][k];
            quad[i][k] = atemp;
          }
          for (k = 0; k <= 3; k++) {
            vtemp = c * eigenVecs[k][i] - s * eigenVecs[k][j];
            eigenVecs[k][j] = s * eigenVecs[k][i] + c * eigenVecs[k][j];
            eigenVecs[k][i] = vtemp;
          }
          dtemp = c * c * eigenVals[i] + s * s * eigenVals[j] - 2.0 * c * s * b;
          eigenVals[j] =
              s * s * eigenVals[i] + c * c * eigenVals[j] + 2.0 * c * s * b;
          eigenVals[i] = dtemp;
        } /* end if */
      } /* end for i */
    } /* end for j */
  } /* end for l */

Exit_now:

  for (j = 0; j <= 2; j++) {
    k = j;
    dtemp = eigenVals[k];
    for (i = j + 1; i <= 3; i++) {
      if (eigenVals[i] < dtemp) {
        k = i;
        dtemp = eigenVals[k];
      }
    }

    if (k > j) {
      eigenVals[k] = eigenVals[j];
      eigenVals[j] = dtemp;
      for (i = 0; i <= 3; i++) {
        dtemp = eigenVecs[i][k];
        eigenVecs[i][k] = eigenVecs[i][j];
        eigenVecs[i][j] = dtemp;
      }
    }
  }
  return l + 1;
}

void reflectCovMat(double covMat[3][3]) {
  unsigned int i, j;
  for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    for (j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
      covMat[i][j] = -covMat[i][j];
    }
  }
}

double AlignPoints(const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &refPoints,
                   const RDGeom::Point3DConstPtrVect &probePoints,
                   RDGeom::Transform3D &trans, const DoubleVector *weights,
                   bool reflect, unsigned int maxIterations) {
  unsigned int npt = refPoints.size();
  PRECONDITION(npt == probePoints.size(), "Mismatch in number of points");
  trans.setToIdentity();
  double wtsSum = 0.0;
  if (weights) {
    PRECONDITION(npt == weights->size(), "Mismatch in number of points");
    wtsSum = _sumOfWeights(*weights);
  } else {
    wtsSum = static_cast<double>(npt);
  }

  RDGeom::Point3D rptSum = _weightedSumOfPoints(refPoints, weights);
  RDGeom::Point3D pptSum = _weightedSumOfPoints(probePoints, weights);

  double rptSumLenSq = _weightedSumOfLenSq(refPoints, weights);
  double pptSumLenSq = _weightedSumOfLenSq(probePoints, weights);

  double covMat[3][3];

  // compute the co-variance matrix
  _computeCovarianceMat(refPoints, probePoints, weights, covMat);
  if (reflect) {
    rptSum *= -1.0;
    reflectCovMat(covMat);
  }

  // convert the covariance matrix to a 4x4 matrix that needs to be diagonalized
  double quad[4][4];
  _covertCovMatToQuad(covMat, rptSum, pptSum, wtsSum, quad);

  // get the eigenVecs and eigenVals for the matrix
  double eigenVecs[4][4], eigenVals[4];
  jacobi(quad, eigenVals, eigenVecs, maxIterations);

  // get the quaternion
  double quater[4];
  quater[0] = eigenVecs[0][0];
  quater[1] = eigenVecs[1][0];
  quater[2] = eigenVecs[2][0];
  quater[3] = eigenVecs[3][0];

  trans.SetRotationFromQuaternion(quater);
  if (reflect) {
    // put the flip in the rotation matrix
    trans.Reflect();
  }
  // compute the SSR value
  double ssr = eigenVals[0] - (pptSum.lengthSq() + rptSum.lengthSq()) / wtsSum +
               rptSumLenSq + pptSumLenSq;

  if ((ssr < 0.0) && (fabs(ssr) < TOLERANCE)) {
    ssr = 0.0;
  }
  if (reflect) {
    rptSum *= -1.0;
  }

  // set the translation
  trans.TransformPoint(pptSum);
  RDGeom::Point3D move = rptSum;
  move -= pptSum;
  move /= wtsSum;
  trans.SetTranslation(move);
  return ssr;
}
}  // namespace Alignments
}  // namespace RDNumeric
