2.2 How to use this tutorial

In Section 3 Getting started, some simple examples are explained in a step-by-step manner to introduce into SINGULAR.

Section 4 Examples should come next for real learning-by-doing or to quickly solve some given mathematical problems without dwelling to deeply into SINGULAR.

Typographical conventions

Throughout this manual, the following typographical conventions are adopted:

• text in typewriter denotes SINGULAR input and output as well as reserved names:
  • The basering can be set using the command setring.
• the arrow ==> denotes SINGULAR output:
  • poly p=x+y+z;
  • p*p;
  • ==> x2+2xy+y2+2xz+2yz+z2
• square brackets are used to denote parts of syntax descriptions which are optional:
  [optional_text] required_text
• keys are denoted using typewriter, for example:
  • N (press the key N to get to the next node in help mode)
  • RETURN (press RETURN to finish an input line)
  • CTRL-P (press control key together with the key P to get the previous input line)